Strategic Mapping Objectives for Daydreamin Comics Website
Scope:
Defining the Technology portion of the Daydreamin Comics Website in the realm of 4 possible platforms:
- Digital Asset Management
- Collect Management
- Electronic Library
Arch of the Scope
- Meta Data
- Document Management System
- Knowledge Management System
What is digital asset management? A Digital Asset Management program (also known as “Enterprise Content Management” outside academia) is a set of policies, processes, and systems to identify, capture, store, manage, preserve, and provide access to digital assets of long-term value to the institution.
Background and scope Digital asset management programs are an attempt to create a technical and policy environment in which digital materials that are deemed to have long-term value can be captured, stored, and managed as institutional assets. A digital asset management program applies to digital materials the same time-tested archival and records management principles that are used for preservation and management of non-digital materials (traditional archives), ensuring access to these materials beyond the life-span of the media, formats, or custodianship of their original authors or owners. Conceived as a campus-wide collection of resources, tools, policies and technologies, a digital asset management program is available for use by all members of the university community. It serves as an access system for current use materials, a repository for inactive materials (perhaps under the auspices of a records management program), and a storage and management infrastructure for the preservation of material for the university archives. The program should be based on a collaborative, federated model, with many campus units and partner organizations participating as content contributors and users, as well as in ongoing development and improvements to the system.
A digital asset management system should be capable of handling a variety of types of information and media formats, including but not limited to single instances or sets of the following:
• Administrative documents and records
• Journal articles and other scholarly papers
• Theses and dissertations
• Learning objects used in coursework
• Other text documents
• Spreadsheet files
• Image files
• Other multimedia files
• Disk images (i.e., copies of CDs or diskettes)
• Data sets
• Computer programs
Collection management comprises the balancing, proper organization and maximum utilization of the library materials.
It includes acquiring, processing, organization and dissemination of new collections, and weed out of old and un-used documents from the library. Collection management is the development of collection and the related managerial aspects like budget planning and control, staffing, maintenance of library collection, application of conservation methods, keeping balance between various types of materials, keeping coordination with other departments like processing, reference, circulation, using performance measurement and performance indicators as well as monitoring of library materials for best utilization. Collection organization and management is a complex and multifaceted process and its success depends on various rudiments such as policy formation, user need, community analysis, acquisition, organization, technical processing, resource sharing and weeding out. Collection management is an important library function and involves three major aspects:
• Budgeting for the collection.
• Developing policies for the collection.
• Developing strategies for building, weeding and managing the collection.
In scientific and academic journals, “peer review” is the process of authors submitting their articles to a panel of peers in their field. Those peers are usually selected by the journal publishing the work, and the group of peers is charged with commenting on the article and suggesting revisions. The author then makes those revisions prior to publication. Nearly all scientific journals use this process to revise articles and maintain a high standard of scientific evidence. For academic work, peer-review is the standard way of knowing whether obvious junk and obvious mistakes have been weeded out.
Even then, just because something was peer-reviewed doesn’t even mean we found all the problems—plenty of published, peer-reviewed articles turn out not to be true. Small studies, preliminary studies, and studies with non-obvious bias are regularly disproven by better research. Peer review, though, is the first step in making that group smaller. A peer-reviewed source in academia is just like saying “this product was checked for obvious defects.” Since academic work is the pursuit of better, more nuanced truth, checking ideas for accuracy is a fundamental first step.
Does that mean all other sources are junk? Not at all—professional articles and websites are great sources for big-picture ideas, overviews of a topic, or current events; they are just not very good sources for arguing evidence in an academic field. Professional sources are usually designed to present information to the public in an informative way. Peer-reviewed academic sources, in contrast, are designed to present that information
rigorously as a foundation for further research. If you are studying psychology, for example, you can’t just rely on summaries of what has been done in years past—the state of our knowledge evolves, and you need to look at peer-reviewed sources to find the most recent developments in the field.
3.1 Features of a Digital Library A digital library consists of organized collection of multimedia and other types of resources.
§Resources are available in computer
§process-able form. The functions of acquisition, storage, preservation, and retrieval are carried out
§through the use of digital technology. Access to the entire collection is globally available directly or indirectly across a
§network. Supports users in dealing with §information objects. Helps in the organization and presentation o f t h e a b o v e o b j e c ts t h r o u g h electronic/digital means. In order to have a better understanding of the term “digital library”, the following elements need to be considered:
1. The digital library is not a single entity.
2. The digital library requires technology to link the resources.
3. Universal access to digital libraries and information service is a goal.
2.1 Electronic Library Electronic library, or simply e-library consists of electronic materials and services such as video tapes and CD-ROMs”. Aina (2004) defines electronic library as a library that consists of materials and services in electronic format rather than print format. This implies that digital materials like electronic database, CD-ROMs, video and audio tapes, microforms, among others that require the use of electricity come under electronic libraries. The term “electronic library” is also defined by The National Diet Library, (1998) as “the provision by a library of primary information (actual materials) and secondary
information (information about the materials) electronically, via communications networks, together with the infrastructure for this purpose.” The electronic library provides electronic publications on-line, and will also digitize and make available materials that are presently held in print form. The electronic library is an expansion of traditional library services utilizing new information technologies. It makes a wealth of information accessible, and enables regional or other disparities in information access to be corrected. It acts as a guide to the vast expanse of cyberspace, allowing anyone, anywhere to access information at any time.
Examples of Electronic Library (Resources) Any library or information resources that can be accessed electronically, e.g
. – electronic journals
– scholarly databases
– electronic books
– hybrid digital collections
– Internet gateways and search engines The resources can be free or fee-based access for users.
2.2 Examples of Electronic Library (Resources) Any library or information resources that can be accessed electronically, e.g.
– electronic journals
– scholarly databases
– electronic books
– hybrid digital collections
– Internet gateways and search engines
The resources can be free or fee-based access for users.
2.3 Advantages of Electronic Library Electronic library leads to expansion and development of library services in the
Ø following ways: Correcting regional or other disparities in
Ø information access; Enabling integrated access to many types
Ø of information; Realizing a variety of functions which utilize information and communications
Ø technologies; Enabling economic and efficient access to information
Digital library collections are not limited to be a document replacement, rather, they extend to be digital view that cannot be represented or distributed in printed formats.
Distinctive Differences between electronic, Digital and Virtual Libraries In order to distinguish electronic, digital and virtual libraries, it is pertinent to consider their formats, collections and access to their resources. Aina, Mutula and Tiamiyu (2008) have described the three concepts as follows: Electronic Library – the core library processes of acquisition, cataloguing, online access, circulation, and information retrieval are computerized. However, the information resources need not be in digital formats. Users have access to librarians but attempts are made to minimize such contact. This type of library by and large also occupies physical space.
Digital Library – may be perceived as an information service or a collection of electronic information resources, in which all the information resources are available in computer processable form. In addition, the func tions of a cquisition, stor age , preservation, retrieval, etc., are carried out using digital technologies such as computers, networks, etc. A digital library contains no conventional printed information resources, but electronic books, journals, and newspapers.
Access to the librarians may also be through electronic means such as email. The library may or may not occupy a physical space, where users need to go to gain access to its electronic resources. Virtual Library – refers to an information service or collection of electronic resources whose collections are entirely in virtual or digital form and information is accessed over a network.
Such library provides access to virtual indexes, catalogues, and books. Virtual library does not have physical space, where users visit to access information resources. Instead, access is distributed and virtual. It is sometimes referred to as ‘paperless library’, ‘library without walls’, ‘networked library’, ‘seamless library’ and library of the future.
Disadvantages of Digital Library N/S Area of Disadvantage Explanation
1. Copyright Digitization violates the copy right law as the thought content of one author can be freely transfer by other without his acknowledgement. So One difficulty to overcome for digital libraries is the way to distribute information. How does a digital library distribute information at will while protecting the copyright of the author?
2. Speed of Access As more and more computer are connected to the Internet its speed of access reasonably decreasing. If new technology will not evolve to solve the problem then in near future Internet will be full of error messages.
3. Initial cost is high The infrastructure cost of digital library i.e. the cost of hardware, software; leasing communication circuit is generally very high.
4. Band width Digital library will need high band for transfer of multimedia resources but the band width is decreasing day by day due to its over utilization.
5. Efficiency With the much larger volume of digital information, finding the right material for a specific task becomes increasingly difficult.
6. Environment Digital libraries cannot reproduce the environment of a traditional library. Many people also find reading printed material to be easier than reading material on a computer screen.
7. Preservation Due to technological developments, a digital library can rapidly become out-of-date and its data may become inaccessible.
Introduction Electronic information resources is an organized collection of electronic or digitized information and materials available in the digital form which can be accessible by a computer on the network by using any protocol (Hungwa, 2013). E-resources can be considered as a reservoir of a significant aspect of global literature. The role of the library professionals has changed due to the need for a culture of information seeking pattern and behaviour of users towards e-resources. University library professionals are discovering ways to respond to the exponential growth of e-information resources. E-resources have become an integral part of the hybrid library for academicians and researchers. (Kelefa, Emmanuel, & Esther, 2017).
The application of ICT for information storage, processing, access, and communication has also brought several products and services into the landscape of university libraries, consequently, the information seeking patterns and behaviour of users are also being changed simultaneously in recent years. Scholarly information for the academic community of university education are very significant for further research and investigation, which are available in various types of databases, by the instantaneous development in database technologies. Such information needs can be acceded and retrieved effectively and efficiently through the application of ICT and e-resources. University libraries are progressing towards offline and online e-resources for easy access and retrieval of information.
Development in ICT and e-resources technologies has changed how information is acquired, stored, retrieved, disseminated and communicated, along with equally changed the way of rendering information services in university libraries. As e-resources have overcome the problems of storage and flood of information, print sources are being digitized to promote and produce utility (Jasper, et al 2016), and they noted that users find electronic resources smartly and use them more conveniently than print sources. As a result, libraries in response to the information needs of their users are smoothly building the collection of einformation resources available online through the use of the internet and other offline digital formats
have enabled the librarian and library staff to provide better service to the user community within and outside the libraries at the global level. The considerable points for the need for e-resources are mentioned below:
· Access to e-resource can be done by the more than one user.
· Searching process of e-resource can be accomplished quickly.
· Finding the process of e-resource can be performed easily by the users.
· Collection of e-resource can be built up in huge amount.
· Amount of time can be saved by using e-resource.
· Collection of e-resource can be organised and managed in digital form
· Efficient delivery of e-resource can be promoted economically to all the users.
· Co-operative efforts of libraries can be facilitated easily for saving and sharing the investments of organisation and management of e-resources of the libraries. 6. Characteristics and Special Features of E-Resources E-resources can be characterised by the following qualities, which differentiate them from traditional resources: · Access: Access to every document by anyone; from anywhere.
· Retrieval: Retrieval of e-resources is rather performed quickly than print resources.
· Guided: The users can be guided to the document by providing a link
. · Easiness: Easy to search the text.
· Media: The collection available in electronic format can be of any media.
· Ownership: Not that important
. · Interaction: In electronic environment, the interaction between user and librarian is frequent.
· User group: No defined user group.
· Software: The software can help the users in retrieving the desired information; hardly intermediate can help users. E-resources on the Internet have the inherent special features of the information on the Net itself. The features of e-resources related to information and media stated by Satija (2003) are as follows:
· Compactness: High compact storage.
· Reproduction: The reproduction process can be operated easily.
· Easily detaches: Contents can be very easily detaches from their media or container. · Migration: Ease of migration of contents from one medium to another.
· Communication: Ease of transmission, communication, and storage.
· Hypertext and multimedia;
· Search approach: Refined and multidimensional searches through keywords, free text, Boolean operators and natural language processing.
7. Types of E-Resources E-resources can be categorised into two categories: Offline and Online. Some popular e-resources in both categories are discussed below:
· Electronic books: A book is an electronic form of a printed book to be viewed on a computer, laptop, smartphone, tablet, or ebook reader (e-reader). As such, it may also be managed on a computer or other convenient electronic device. There are common formats liked by e-readers as Adobe PDF and plain text (TXT).
· Electronic journal: There is no tangible definition available for electronic journals. In literature, various terminologies have been used by the authors like virtual journals, paperless journals, online journals, scholarly electronic journals, networked journals in place of electronic Journals. An electronic journal is published periodically in electronic format on the Internet. A library may collect important electronic journals for its digital collection. There are currently two types of e-journals: Offline the CD-ROM version, and Online or Internet-based journals (https://www.lisedunetwork.com).
· Electronic newspaper: E-Newspaper is published electronically online in the same format as a normal print publication of the newspapers, which can be accessed through Internet and its tools, along with supplementary content to print publications published exclusively on the World Wide Web. With web addresses, hypertext, and hyperlinks to extra information, uploaded photographs, etc, e-newspapers follow the format of most print newspapers (https://www.easytechjunkie.com).
· Electronic magazine: Electronic magazine (or e-zine, webzine) is a digital magazine that is hosted, distributed, and read online along with some features of online newspapers and blogs. Electronic magazines have the same editorial approach as traditional magazines. There are some magazine publishers in online editions, referred to as digital editions.
· Pricing of E-Resources The greatest problem of e-resources is pricing. As fixed prices and subscription rates for printed books and printed journals etc. but there are no standard pricing models for e-resources due to the different policies of the publishers. Some publishers and vendors may deal with e-journals only or both e-books and e-journals and together with the additional benefits of accessing open sources. Many pricing models are based on different matrixes.
These matrixes are potential users under a local network, concurrent users, nature of the institution, subscription for a specific period, and different renewal policy; long-term/short-term subscription, access to back files, access through IP addresses/Proxy server, archival license, site restriction, pay-per-view, the offer of open access sources with a subscribed package, length of time of access (five years access may be concessional) ( Ables, 1996). There is a trend of bundle pricing offered by publishers for all their publications. The bundle pricing model gives access to a wide range of collections, but the usability of all the resources contained therein cannot be ensured in advance. Hence, the pricing model is being popular for the acquisition of e-resources. Librarians should negotiate with the publishers or the vendors to arrive at mutually agreed prices if no standard pricing model exists, along with the terms and conditions of accessing the resources. But trial and demonstration for evaluation of the package would be necessary to take the opinion of the users about the usefulness of the product.
· Archival Problem As online resources are remotely located under the ownership of the publishers or vendors, university libraries do access these resources under the terms and conditions of the agreement and licensing policy. This poses serious archival problems for back files after the expiry of the subscription and outright purchase of the package by libraries. So archiving of back files is also a challenge. Hence, the decision has to be taken whether archival responsibility would remain with the publishers or the library will make its own arrangement. Archiving back issues in the local server for the certainty of all-time availability should be given preference. Timely care in its maintenance and migration from the old platform to the new one is important from time to time (Chepesiuk, 2000).
· Management Issues In the beginning of the 21st century, university libraries were feeling about existing library software was incapable of handling eresources due to a lack of library software, open software, and the ERMS (Electronic Resources Management System). In fact, ERMS enables the Users to access e-resources by multiple approaches, and also the requirements of the library staff in maintaining the e
In the beginning of the 21st century, university libraries were feeling about existing library software was incapable of handling e resources due to a lack of library software, open software, and the ERMS (Electronic Resources Management System). In fact, ERMS enables the Users to access e-resources by multiple approaches, and also the requirements of the library staff in maintaining the e resources. ERMS should enable to meet the following users’ approaches:
Arch of the Scope
Meta Data
Metadata describes the content, quality, condition, and other characteristics of data. Metadata is generally standardized, structured information that facilitates functions associated with data, such as:
- Organizing and managing data
- Preserving data for the long term
- Ensuring that data can be indexed and discovered in a data repository
- Retaining the context around which the data was captured or created, which is vital in facilitating comprehension and reuse of the data by other researchers
As indicated in the Miller definition above, metadata helps people find resources and determine their value, for whatever need is at hand. This function of metadata is especially critical in digital environments, where humans rely on computer processing for reliable and timely results:
- Metadata facilitates organization, indexing, discovery, access, analysis, and use of print and online resources.
- Metadata enables software agents to navigate and “comprehend” web content.
- Metadata influences search engine results, rankings, and click-through rates.
- Metadata is even more important for non-textual content that isn’t readily processed by machines (e.g. images, multimedia, datasets).
- Metadata presence and quality (or the lack thereof) can significantly help or hinder time and money expenditures in research activities.
Document Management System
Document management is how your organization stores, manages, and tracks its electronic documents.
Secure Shared Filing System
`A. Document Identification Numbers (Similar to Marc Records)
A Document Identification Number (DIN) or Document Number is a unique alphanumeric code assigned to a specific file, form, or piece of correspondence for tracking and authentication. Its exact format and purpose depend on the specific context: [1, 2]
Taxonomy
Define Knowledge Management System Commercial Online
A Knowledge Management System (KMS) is a centralized digital framework that captures, organizes, and shares company information so employees can quickly find trusted answers. Its primary goal is to break down data silos, reduce redundant work, and preserve critical institutional knowledge.